---
title: "Akellex n usubvention ur d-yetqaren"
description: "Diagnostic immobilier. Asmaqlal aḥeram n laman n wexxam. Imcawaren n usireh. Tinezzin akk d-mzeɣ axaṭer tanabbawt tessufeɣ-itent, mačci axaṭer ssuq tt-yesseḥwaǧ."
canonical: https://www.askgib.com/kab/articles/the-subsidy-scams
last-updated: 2026-04-06
lang: kab
---
# Akellex n usubvention ur d-yetqaren
> Diagnostic immobilier. Asmaqlal aḥeram n laman n wexxam. Imcawaren n usireh. Tinezzin akk d-mzeɣ axaṭer tanabbawt tessufeɣ-itent, mačci axaṭer ssuq tt-yesseḥwaǧ.
By Gibril Bachouchi. Filed 2026-04-06. 5 min read. Web page: https://www.askgib.com/kab/articles/the-subsidy-scams
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Tetzenzeḍ texxamt-ik di Fṛansa. Uqbel ad tefruḍ tnezzin, tesseḥwajeḍ tisilet n waɣmisen.
DPE (asleḍ n laqudemu n teẓmert). Asleḍ amyante (amyante). Asleḍ aplum (aplum). Asleḍ agaz. Asleḍ trisiti. ERP (asbed n iɣawasen igamanen d isnaɛiyen). I tsigura tiqdiamin, CREP. I texxamin di copropriété, Carrez. Ma DPE-ik d klas F neɣ G, asneqq n teẓmert.
Lefatuṛa, akken yebɣu yili usanu: **€400 ɣer €700 i texxamt, €1,100+ i wexxam aqdim**.
Ulac aslemḍen-a i d-yettarran kra. Ssufuɣen-d aɣmisen. Aɣmisen ttutwarmen ɣer waɛqid n tnezzin. Sakin yal yiwen yedda ɣer wexxam.
D nettan d yiwet seg tebzart tameqqert tuffirt ɣef texxamt di Fṛansa, yerna telli axaṭer tasnaɛit yetwasnefen s usaḍuf akken ad tt-tesseyyer. Adyagnustiqi n texxamt d axeddim i d-yetwasnefen, mačči i d-yetwasnaḥ. Ulac ulemmes n ssuq. Yella umer ufrugan, yerna tasnaɛit d-iwwet akken ad tessufeɣ ifuriyen mgall-umer.
*Yal tamurt isnerni tesɛa aṭas am ayagi. Aleɣmu d nettan. Yal aleqdem d aweɛr ad t-tezzeleḍ ar deffir mi d-yeḍṛa.*
Aleqdem amezwaru: Tanabbawt teẓwer aɣbel n tidet. Amyante deg yiɣewẓa iqdimen. Aplum di pengtuṛa. Tasrust n teẓmert. Talwit n uxeddim. Asefrek n učči. Aɣar n tmes.
Aleqdem wis-sin: Deg umkan n ad d-tesegmaḍ aɣbel srid, tismeti, asebnu n tezmert tunsibt, asnaqal n imenharzaten, tanabbawt teḥettem aleqlam usligan. Bab n ugadir ilaq ad d-iṭṭef asetref. Iverdad ilaq ad isken usirh. Amussel ilaq ad ifukk aselmed. Amenduli ilaq ad iṭṭef asireh.
Aleqdem wis-kraḍ: Tanezzin tamaynut tesnaɛ ɣef usetref. Medden ttwaslmaden, ttuɣalen-d usrah, sakin ttbeddun ad d-fkant ifuriyen ɣef uɣmis. Lwakti d afares. Aɣbel akemmel, amyante, aplum, aɣar n talwit, d kan kra. Tanezzin trebbeḥ-d ɣef tellit n tukkast, mačci ɣef tifrat n uɣbel amezwaru.
Aleqdem wis-rebɛa: Tanezzin tessuter akken tukkast ad tuɣal d tamzelfit. Ugar tisitin. Ugar n ttawil. Ssumat tunḍist meqqer. Tukkasin ssbat ɣef wid ur sleɣen ara. Tarbaɛt yethettren wahid yerna iyaglen-nsen d ibab n texxamin imfersen ur ssin akk tasaḍuft alma tsseḥwajen-tt.
Aleqdem wis-semmus: Tukkast tuɣal d tin n tnabbawt. Tanezzin tuɣal d "talqayt." Ad d-tinniḍ d tabzert ufaffat ad yawi-d ɣur-k aɣmis n ad tebɣiḍ ad temxellem talwit, neɣ leqdemu, neɣ ixeddamen.
DPE, amussnaw ifazen seg yidiyaganustikiyen ifranṣiyen, yeswa **€90 ɣer €160** i texxamt n tlemmast. Azal n 4 imileyen d-yetwafkan yal aseggas. D ssuq n **€400 ɣer €640 mliyun yal aseggas**, kan i yiwen udiyaganustik. Ssuq amaḍrayan akk yal aseggas n diyaganustikiyen ifranṣiyen yelha imeyran n yiwurujen.
*I texxamt n €300,000, ad txelseḍ €1,500+ deg waɣmisen n usaḍuf. DPE waḥd-s ulac kra i d-yeglen ɣef useqdec n teẓmert n tnezduɣt n Fṛansa send asmi yuɣal aḥeram.*
Ɣef wakken d-yefka aneɣlaf n unezduɣ di 2025, **azal n 70,000 n isetfen DPE yal aseggas d akellex**. D azal n 1.75% n akk DPE. Kra n idiyaganustikiyen sselɣen aɛqil akken ad mucalen ibab ad sruḥen isaḍufen imaynunten i ittruru tnenze n klas-G. Wiyaḍ kan jemɛen lwakti mebla ad xedmen lxedma s tnezdeg. Anagraw yesɛa azuru-yebbeḍ-ɣer-0 n useyyaḍ, axaṭer aseyyaḍ (cofrac certification body) yexdam s imdanen seg tasnaɛit-nni.
Aneru d afares aḥeram, yetwazenz s tsiwilt, s ukellex ameqran, i d-yetɛeddi asetref i ittraɣa mbaɛd sennig tuget n yemsaɣen. Tuget n medden, mi tetzunzen texxamt, sserɣen DPE, sferren, kemmlen tinezzin. Aselɣu d-yefru ur d-yebeddel ssuma neɣ aɣtas. D, di tilawt, tabzart i ittxellis umsaɣ ɣer tasnaɛit tasinanit n issetfen.
Yerna d nettan d aɣbel: DPE yetwasenfa akken ad d-yawi useggem n teẓmert. Asqudec n teẓmert n tnezduɣt ifranṣi i ɣef meter ittwasdar drus seg asmi DPE yuɣal aḥeram. Acu i ddra-d d tasnaɛit n €400-mliyun+ yal aseggas, i ittsekkamen ugar n 10,000 n imdanen, tessufuɣ-d aɣmisen werǧin ad iɣren imdanen.
Di Kanada, **asmaqlal aḥeram n wexxam** uqbel tnezzin yessufuɣ-d $300 ɣer $700 i tnezzin. Imsmaqalen sɣaren. Asmaqlal d tilawit, tikti-yiḍ. Tisemriyin yeqqel ad ttwasqedacent.
Di Italya, **certificazione energetica (APE)** txeddim ayen-nni am DPE ifranṣis, s iɣbelan am-nettan.
Di Almanya, **Energieausweis** d aleɣ aɣir.
Di UK, **HIPs (Home Information Packs)** d-yetwasnefen deg 2007, sakin ttutubɣalen deg 2010 mbaɛd asukses akemmel akken ad rnun aẓayan mebla azal.
Deg umaḍal akk, **isurihen n usefrek n učči**, **isetfen n talwit n uxeddim**, **isurihen n usewjed n tnezzut i tegnatin ɛadi** (ih, tesseḥwajeḍ asirh akken ad tuɣaleḍ d aflouriste deg Louisiana), d aṭas n iḥuttumen am wid d-yefkan tasnaɛiyin timecṭuḥin n imegrumen n issetfen. Ulac yiwen seg-sent i d-isnulfan-d s yiman-is. Akk llant axaṭer asaḍuf yetḥettem-it.
Mačci akken ad d-inniɣ akk ulac fellasen. Asmaqlal n trisiti aṣwib ad isedmer adfeg, asmaqlal n usefrek n učči aṣwib ad isedmer tnezduɣt n učči. Maca tuget seg-sent d arwiḥ n unkar afaffat. Ticki tella tnezzin ɣef tukkast, yuɣal d aɣadṣaɣ asertan akken ad sebḍeqḍeq tukkast. Ixeddamen i ḍafren fellas tnaɣen aṭas akken ad t-id-ttḥerzen. Asebban-nsen yuɣal d ssbab n tellit n usaḍuf.
Di semmus iseggasen iɛeddan, iseyyaqaten deg EU d US sneflin-d ihettam n cybersecurity n usaḍuf: GDPR i wḥerz n yisefka, asayyad NIS2 i tikebbaniyin "tameznaɛit" deg EU, HIPA di US, PCI-DSS i wsegra n usegmes, ISO 27001 i kra-nniḍen. Yal yiwen seg-s yesseḥwaǧ asetref, audit, d uxeddim n usaḍuf amalkay.
Tanezzin akk n "imcawaren n usaḍuf" tcuwwa deg ɛecra iseggasen. Tetxellis ifuriyen n semmus inṭqin n udulaṛ i tkebbaniyin timecṭuḥin i ifekken i, tuget n tegnatin, llan d imedyaten icadqan-d kra. Tanezzin n usaḍuf deg EU waḥdes turi imeyran n iyuṛujen yal aseggas.
S yal asaḍuf-a, **aɛqil n tekriht imeyran isefka tla ɣef ulali** yal aseggas. Isaḍufen ur seqdden ara ransomware. Ur seqdden ara tikrihit timeqranin di Equifax, Marriott, Capital One, Optus, Latitude, Solarwinds, neɣ yal yiwen seg waṭas-nniḍen. Isaḍufen d-xedmen d uxlaq n tdamsa tasinanit n imcawaren d audiḍuren itwaxellsen akken ad d-sentmen belli tikebbaniyin sɛant awɣmis aṣwib uqbel ad yetwakkes-asent ɛlayen.
Awsen n cyber-security insurance d aleɣ-nniḍen. Insurance tessenker ifehlen i "iɛkkan iwannayanen," i ttwafsaren sɣur imsuren akken ad gbren akk tirebbaɛ n ransomware tedmast. Mi yeḍṛa-d tikrihit n tidet, imsuren rraren asuter. Takebbant tetwaqlɛen daɣ. Premium yetwaḥsab yakan u tetwasegri. Nessfehem-d ayagi deg umagrad n assurance, maca atan yuɣal-d daɣ, icudd ɣer ufares aḥeram amaynut.
| Tanezzin n usaḍuf | Ifuriyen yal aseggas | Anaru ddaw |
|---|---|---|
| DPE afranṣis | €400M+ | ~0% n ubeddel yetwaktilen di tnezduɣt n teẓmert |
| EU GDPR / NIS2 asaḍuf | €30B+ | Aɛqil n tikrihit ittali |
*Tanezzin n usaḍuf temɣur. Iɣbelan ddaw ur qarihin ara.*
Aleɣmu-yya. Aḥattam, tanezzin, asufeɣ n ifuriyen, ulac usbed ɣef weɣbel ddaw.
Di Fṛansa, anaqib akemmel n usaḍuf, n usetref, d uɣmis aḥeram ɣef tnezzin n texxamt yedda **azal n €1,000 ɣer €2,000** mi ara tjebrred akk, diyaganustikiyen, ifuriyen n notary, ifuriyen n usirh, d tasit n imeɣrabqen i yesseḥwaǧ yal asegra. I texxamt n €300,000, d azal n uzgen n umur n ssuma n tnezzin, yetteddu ɣer wid i d ssuma-nsen d aɣmis.
Sefraq ayagi ɣef tdamsa akk, yal tnezzin, yal tcummust, yal asbedd n tnezzut, yal aɛqed n uxeddim, yal asirh, yal alemmuden, yerna tneṭqeḍ ɣef twinas n imelyaṛ n yiwurujen yal aseggas deg tdamsiwin isnernanin. Adrim ur d-yettawi acemma. Yettawi-d kan kaɣed, i d-yettak tariri i useyyaḍ, i d-yefkan azar i tnezzin, i isuteren akken ad teqqim tukkast.
D nettan d tabzart tuffirt ulac win i d-yeqqar fellas. Ur d-tetbanen ara deg uɣmis-ik n tbazart n labur. Tetbanen-d deg ssuma n yal kra. Yal asegra yif-it iẓay seg wayen yesseḥwaǧ. Yal asenfar yawi ttawel ifenten akken ad ibdu. Yal afares yif-it iẓay axaṭer afaras yetxellis tdamsa tasinanit n issetfen di trad.
Imdanen ay-ixeddmen lxedma-yya tuget-nsen ifazen. Tebɛen abrid axeddim i d-tesnulfa tnabaḍt. Ur d-uran ara isaḍufen. Maca unagraw akk d astes seg termat tafrasit ɣer ufares n waɣmisen, yerna tuget n tmura sɛant *aṭas* seg-s.
Tiririt tunṣiblat: drus kan ay-ittwaxedmen ɣef tinezzin-a mi tt-llint. Tagrumma tasartit akken ad ten-d-tesbɛem teweɛr aṭas. Tagrumma tasartit akken ad tent-tedfeɛ tezmer mliḥ yerna teqsem. Bab n iɣewẓa ɛadi sɛan iẓayar imecṭaḥ; tanezzin n udiyaganustiqi smara tesɛa iẓayar imeqranen. Ahaseb yedda d tnezzin.
Amezwaru, bnu termat n tnezdeg n usaḍuf. Yal semmus iseggasen, yal asetref aḥeram ad yetwasenqed mgal anaru i d-yufer ad yawi. Ma DPE ur isnaqes ara aseqdec n teẓmert, DPE ad isgrawel neɣ ad ittwakkes. Ma tanezzin n umsmaqal n wexxam ur tesseggem ara talwit n texxamt, aḥeram ad iruḥ-d ɣer asfar. Aya yesseḥwaǧ tabaɣest n usertan i waddra ulac. Maca d nettan kan d aṣleḥ atinezzint.
Wis-sin, mi d-tetwasnefa ihettim amaynut, **asaḍuf ilaq ad d-yini sunset clause**. Aḥettam yedda i ɛecra iseggasen, sakin ad iggwaen ulamma yetwasareh tikkelt-nniḍen s tisikkin i thettiren useyyaḍ ad d-iglu s ineggura yetwaktilen. Akkenni i d-tlhi tlegislacyun yelhan. Yesseḥwaǧ ad yili d ass-id-yefk.
Mebla ifesken-a, yal tamurt isnerni tssemglim tinezzin tisinanin, am isuɣa n yilel, ɛecra-ɛecra iseggasen. Yal yiwen weḥd-s amecṭuḥ. Akemmel d aweɣẓen. Ur tezmireḍ ad t-tessumeḍ am tarbaɛt.
Ur tetwaliḍ ara axeddamen-a deg yisalen. Ur ttɣaren ara titelt. Ulac aɣilif. Yella kan unaqib i d-yettali s ttawil ɣef yal tnezzin, yal texxamt, yal tnezzut, yal tudert, yetwajamɛen sɣur tinezzin i llant axaṭer asaḍuf iḥettem-itent ad llint.
Adiyaganustik immobilier. Asmaqal n wexxam. Audidur n usaḍuf. Amcawer n usirh. Amselmad n usefrek n učči. Amcawer aḥeram n yidumman. Aṣṭamb aḥeram n notary ɣef tnezzin i ur tesseḥwaǧ ara notary semmusin iseggasen aya.
Yal yiwen weḥd-s yetwaẓmer. Akemmel d aweɣẓen.
D nettan d ayen qaren medden mi nnan tdamsa tamazgant tezayar. Ur d-qaren ara awnaken jhiden aṭas. D-qaren d akken nessbed-d aẓetta n waɣmisen ɣef yal axeddim n tidet, nessekcem mliyun n imdanen i wesnaḥ n waɣmis-nni, yerna aɣmis tuget n tikkal ur yegguzred ara wayen ay-d-yetwasnaḥ akken ad t-iddu.
Tetxellseḍ-it. Tetxellseḍ-it ɣef yal asegra, yal aseggas, i tudert-ik akk. Yerna ulac tirgit i ak-d-yeqqaren akken.