Akellex n usubvention ur d-yetqaren

Cadre ASection 1 / 3

Intitulé de la section

Akellex n usubvention ur d-yetqaren

Tetzenzeḍ texxamt-ik di Fṛansa. Uqbel ad tefruḍ tnezzin, tesseḥwajeḍ tisilet n waɣmisen.

DPE (asleḍ n laqudemu n teẓmert). Asleḍ amyante (amyante). Asleḍ aplum (aplum). Asleḍ agaz. Asleḍ trisiti. ERP (asbed n iɣawasen igamanen d isnaɛiyen). I tsigura tiqdiamin, CREP. I texxamin di copropriété, Carrez. Ma DPE-ik d klas F neɣ G, asneqq n teẓmert.

Lefatuṛa, akken yebɣu yili usanu: €400 ɣer €700 i texxamt, €1,100+ i wexxam aqdim.

Ulac aslemḍen-a i d-yettarran kra. Ssufuɣen-d aɣmisen. Aɣmisen ttutwarmen ɣer waɛqid n tnezzin. Sakin yal yiwen yedda ɣer wexxam.

D nettan d yiwet seg tebzart tameqqert tuffirt ɣef texxamt di Fṛansa, yerna telli axaṭer tasnaɛit yetwasnefen s usaḍuf akken ad tt-tesseyyer. Adyagnustiqi n texxamt d axeddim i d-yetwasnefen, mačči i d-yetwasnaḥ. Ulac ulemmes n ssuq. Yella umer ufrugan, yerna tasnaɛit d-iwwet akken ad tessufeɣ ifuriyen mgall-umer.

Annexe 1 · Le cliquetThe ratchet

1. 1A government identifies a real problem
2. 2It mandates a certificate, not a fix
3. 3A profession appears around the certificate
4. 4The profession lobbies for more
5. 5It becomes untouchable

Yal tamurt isnerni tesɛa aṭas am ayagi. Aleɣmu d nettan. Yal aleqdem d aweɛr ad t-tezzeleḍ ar deffir mi d-yeḍṛa.

Problème réel

• Asbestos in old buildings
• Lead paint
• Energy efficiency
• Fire, food, workplace safety

Loi · article 0

The owner must obtain:

a certificate

a fix

Diagnostiqueur certifiétrained · licensed · insuredThe fee is the product.

Catégorie +1

Fréquence +1

Tarif minimum

Pénalités

Essentiel

Pièces au dossier1

Aleqdem amezwaru: Tanabbawt teẓwer aɣbel n tidet. Amyante deg yiɣewẓa iqdimen. Aplum di pengtuṛa. Tasrust n teẓmert. Talwit n uxeddim. Asefrek n učči. Aɣar n tmes.

Aleqdem wis-sin: Deg umkan n ad d-tesegmaḍ aɣbel srid, tismeti, asebnu n tezmert tunsibt, asnaqal n imenharzaten, tanabbawt teḥettem aleqlam usligan. Bab n ugadir ilaq ad d-iṭṭef asetref. Iverdad ilaq ad isken usirh. Amussel ilaq ad ifukk aselmed. Amenduli ilaq ad iṭṭef asireh.

Aleqdem wis-kraḍ: Tanezzin tamaynut tesnaɛ ɣef usetref. Medden ttwaslmaden, ttuɣalen-d usrah, sakin ttbeddun ad d-fkant ifuriyen ɣef uɣmis. Lwakti d afares. Aɣbel akemmel, amyante, aplum, aɣar n talwit, d kan kra. Tanezzin trebbeḥ-d ɣef tellit n tukkast, mačci ɣef tifrat n uɣbel amezwaru.

Aleqdem wis-rebɛa: Tanezzin tessuter akken tukkast ad tuɣal d tamzelfit. Ugar tisitin. Ugar n ttawil. Ssumat tunḍist meqqer. Tukkasin ssbat ɣef wid ur sleɣen ara. Tarbaɛt yethettren wahid yerna iyaglen-nsen d ibab n texxamin imfersen ur ssin akk tasaḍuft alma tsseḥwajen-tt.

Aleqdem wis-semmus: Tukkast tuɣal d tin n tnabbawt. Tanezzin tuɣal d "talqayt." Ad d-tinniḍ d tabzert ufaffat ad yawi-d ɣur-k aɣmis n ad tebɣiḍ ad temxellem talwit, neɣ leqdemu, neɣ ixeddamen.

DPE, amussnaw ifazen seg yidiyaganustikiyen ifranṣiyen, yeswa €90 ɣer €160 i texxamt n tlemmast. Azal n 4 imileyen d-yetwafkan yal aseggas. D ssuq n €400 ɣer €640 mliyun yal aseggas, kan i yiwen udiyaganustik. Ssuq amaḍrayan akk yal aseggas n diyaganustikiyen ifranṣiyen yelha imeyran n yiwurujen.

Dossier de vente · €300K Paris apartmentFill in the form

Cadre B · Le bien

Built before 1949Energy class F or G

Mandatory diagnostics on a typical €300K Paris apartment, and their total

Pièce obligatoire	Cost
✕DPE (energy)	€120
✕Diagnostic amiante (asbestos)	€110
✕Diagnostic plomb (lead, pre-1949)	€170
✕Diagnostic électricité	€100
✕Diagnostic gaz	€120
✕ERP (natural/industrial risk)	€20
✕Loi Carrez (surface)	€100
✕Audit énergétique (if class F/G)	€700
✕Notary diagnostic-related fees	~€100
Total before notary, registration, agency	€1,540

Payé · rien réparé

I texxamt n €300,000, ad txelseḍ €1,500+ deg waɣmisen n usaḍuf. DPE waḥd-s ulac kra i d-yeglen ɣef useqdec n teẓmert n tnezduɣt n Fṛansa send asmi yuɣal aḥeram.

Ɣef wakken d-yefka aneɣlaf n unezduɣ di 2025, azal n 70,000 n isetfen DPE yal aseggas d akellex. D azal n 1.75% n akk DPE. Kra n idiyaganustikiyen sselɣen aɛqil akken ad mucalen ibab ad sruḥen isaḍufen imaynunten i ittruru tnenze n klas-G. Wiyaḍ kan jemɛen lwakti mebla ad xedmen lxedma s tnezdeg. Anagraw yesɛa azuru-yebbeḍ-ɣer-0 n useyyaḍ, axaṭer aseyyaḍ (cofrac certification body) yexdam s imdanen seg tasnaɛit-nni.

Annexe 2 · DPE issued in one year■ = 1,000 certificates

Issued0

Fraudulent (≈1.75%)0

At €90–160 each€400–640M

Aneru d afares aḥeram, yetwazenz s tsiwilt, s ukellex ameqran, i d-yetɛeddi asetref i ittraɣa mbaɛd sennig tuget n yemsaɣen. Tuget n medden, mi tetzunzen texxamt, sserɣen DPE, sferren, kemmlen tinezzin. Aselɣu d-yefru ur d-yebeddel ssuma neɣ aɣtas. D, di tilawt, tabzart i ittxellis umsaɣ ɣer tasnaɛit tasinanit n issetfen.

Yerna d nettan d aɣbel: DPE yetwasenfa akken ad d-yawi useggem n teẓmert. Asqudec n teẓmert n tnezduɣt ifranṣi i ɣef meter ittwasdar drus seg asmi DPE yuɣal aḥeram. Acu i ddra-d d tasnaɛit n €400-mliyun+ yal aseggas, i ittsekkamen ugar n 10,000 n imdanen, tessufuɣ-d aɣmisen werǧin ad iɣren imdanen.

Di Kanada, asmaqlal aḥeram n wexxam uqbel tnezzin yessufuɣ-d $300 ɣer $700 i tnezzin. Imsmaqalen sɣaren. Asmaqlal d tilawit, tikti-yiḍ. Tisemriyin yeqqel ad ttwasqedacent.

Di Italya, certificazione energetica (APE) txeddim ayen-nni am DPE ifranṣis, s iɣbelan am-nettan.

Di Almanya, Energieausweis d aleɣ aɣir.

Di UK, HIPs (Home Information Packs) d-yetwasnefen deg 2007, sakin ttutubɣalen deg 2010 mbaɛd asukses akemmel akken ad rnun aẓayan mebla azal.

Deg umaḍal akk, isurihen n usefrek n učči, isetfen n talwit n uxeddim, isurihen n usewjed n tnezzut i tegnatin ɛadi (ih, tesseḥwajeḍ asirh akken ad tuɣaleḍ d aflouriste deg Louisiana), d aṭas n iḥuttumen am wid d-yefkan tasnaɛiyin timecṭuḥin n imegrumen n issetfen. Ulac yiwen seg-sent i d-isnulfan-d s yiman-is. Akk llant axaṭer asaḍuf yetḥettem-it.

Mačci akken ad d-inniɣ akk ulac fellasen. Asmaqlal n trisiti aṣwib ad isedmer adfeg, asmaqlal n usefrek n učči aṣwib ad isedmer tnezduɣt n učči. Maca tuget seg-sent d arwiḥ n unkar afaffat. Ticki tella tnezzin ɣef tukkast, yuɣal d aɣadṣaɣ asertan akken ad sebḍeqḍeq tukkast. Ixeddamen i ḍafren fellas tnaɣen aṭas akken ad t-id-ttḥerzen. Asebban-nsen yuɣal d ssbab n tellit n usaḍuf.

Cadre BSection 2 / 3

Intitulé de la section

Aleɣ amaynut n urar-a d talwit n yisalan.

Di semmus iseggasen iɛeddan, iseyyaqaten deg EU d US sneflin-d ihettam n cybersecurity n usaḍuf: GDPR i wḥerz n yisefka, asayyad NIS2 i tikebbaniyin "tameznaɛit" deg EU, HIPA di US, PCI-DSS i wsegra n usegmes, ISO 27001 i kra-nniḍen. Yal yiwen seg-s yesseḥwaǧ asetref, audit, d uxeddim n usaḍuf amalkay.

Tanezzin akk n "imcawaren n usaḍuf" tcuwwa deg ɛecra iseggasen. Tetxellis ifuriyen n semmus inṭqin n udulaṛ i tkebbaniyin timecṭuḥin i ifekken i, tuget n tegnatin, llan d imedyaten icadqan-d kra. Tanezzin n usaḍuf deg EU waḥdes turi imeyran n iyuṛujen yal aseggas.

S yal asaḍuf-a, aɛqil n tekriht imeyran isefka tla ɣef ulali yal aseggas. Isaḍufen ur seqdden ara ransomware. Ur seqdden ara tikrihit timeqranin di Equifax, Marriott, Capital One, Optus, Latitude, Solarwinds, neɣ yal yiwen seg waṭas-nniḍen. Isaḍufen d-xedmen d uxlaq n tdamsa tasinanit n imcawaren d audiḍuren itwaxellsen akken ad d-sentmen belli tikebbaniyin sɛant awɣmis aṣwib uqbel ad yetwakkes-asent ɛlayen.

Awsen n cyber-security insurance d aleɣ-nniḍen. Insurance tessenker ifehlen i "iɛkkan iwannayanen," i ttwafsaren sɣur imsuren akken ad gbren akk tirebbaɛ n ransomware tedmast. Mi yeḍṛa-d tikrihit n tidet, imsuren rraren asuter. Takebbant tetwaqlɛen daɣ. Premium yetwaḥsab yakan u tetwasegri. Nessfehem-d ayagi deg umagrad n assurance, maca atan yuɣal-d daɣ, icudd ɣer ufares aḥeram amaynut.

Tanezzin n usaḍuf temɣur. Iɣbelan ddaw ur qarihin ara.

Aleɣmu-yya. Aḥattam, tanezzin, asufeɣ n ifuriyen, ulac usbed ɣef weɣbel ddaw.

Di Fṛansa, anaqib akemmel n usaḍuf, n usetref, d uɣmis aḥeram ɣef tnezzin n texxamt yedda azal n €1,000 ɣer €2,000 mi ara tjebrred akk, diyaganustikiyen, ifuriyen n notary, ifuriyen n usirh, d tasit n imeɣrabqen i yesseḥwaǧ yal asegra. I texxamt n €300,000, d azal n uzgen n umur n ssuma n tnezzin, yetteddu ɣer wid i d ssuma-nsen d aɣmis.

Sefraq ayagi ɣef tdamsa akk, yal tnezzin, yal tcummust, yal asbedd n tnezzut, yal aɛqed n uxeddim, yal asirh, yal alemmuden, yerna tneṭqeḍ ɣef twinas n imelyaṛ n yiwurujen yal aseggas deg tdamsiwin isnernanin. Adrim ur d-yettawi acemma. Yettawi-d kan kaɣed, i d-yettak tariri i useyyaḍ, i d-yefkan azar i tnezzin, i isuteren akken ad teqqim tukkast.

D nettan d tabzart tuffirt ulac win i d-yeqqar fellas. Ur d-tetbanen ara deg uɣmis-ik n tbazart n labur. Tetbanen-d deg ssuma n yal kra. Yal asegra yif-it iẓay seg wayen yesseḥwaǧ. Yal asenfar yawi ttawel ifenten akken ad ibdu. Yal afares yif-it iẓay axaṭer afaras yetxellis tdamsa tasinanit n issetfen di trad.

Imdanen ay-ixeddmen lxedma-yya tuget-nsen ifazen. Tebɛen abrid axeddim i d-tesnulfa tnabaḍt. Ur d-uran ara isaḍufen. Maca unagraw akk d astes seg termat tafrasit ɣer ufares n waɣmisen, yerna tuget n tmura sɛant aṭas seg-s.

Tiririt tunṣiblat: drus kan ay-ittwaxedmen ɣef tinezzin-a mi tt-llint. Tagrumma tasartit akken ad ten-d-tesbɛem teweɛr aṭas. Tagrumma tasartit akken ad tent-tedfeɛ tezmer mliḥ yerna teqsem. Bab n iɣewẓa ɛadi sɛan iẓayar imecṭaḥ; tanezzin n udiyaganustiqi smara tesɛa iẓayar imeqranen. Ahaseb yedda d tnezzin.

Cadre CSection 3 / 3

Intitulé de la section

D acu zemrent tinabbaḍin ad xedment, rarely d-xeddment, d snat.

Amezwaru, bnu termat n tnezdeg n usaḍuf. Yal semmus iseggasen, yal asetref aḥeram ad yetwasenqed mgal anaru i d-yufer ad yawi. Ma DPE ur isnaqes ara aseqdec n teẓmert, DPE ad isgrawel neɣ ad ittwakkes. Ma tanezzin n umsmaqal n wexxam ur tesseggem ara talwit n texxamt, aḥeram ad iruḥ-d ɣer asfar. Aya yesseḥwaǧ tabaɣest n usertan i waddra ulac. Maca d nettan kan d aṣleḥ atinezzint.

Wis-sin, mi d-tetwasnefa ihettim amaynut, asaḍuf ilaq ad d-yini sunset clause. Aḥettam yedda i ɛecra iseggasen, sakin ad iggwaen ulamma yetwasareh tikkelt-nniḍen s tisikkin i thettiren useyyaḍ ad d-iglu s ineggura yetwaktilen. Akkenni i d-tlhi tlegislacyun yelhan. Yesseḥwaǧ ad yili d ass-id-yefk.

Annexe 3 · Clause d’extinctionA mechanism, not data

No sunset clauseTen-year sunset clause

After 24 years

24 requirements in force · each one permanent, its profession guarding it

Mebla ifesken-a, yal tamurt isnerni tssemglim tinezzin tisinanin, am isuɣa n yilel, ɛecra-ɛecra iseggasen. Yal yiwen weḥd-s amecṭuḥ. Akemmel d aweɣẓen. Ur tezmireḍ ad t-tessumeḍ am tarbaɛt.

Ur tetwaliḍ ara axeddamen-a deg yisalen. Ur ttɣaren ara titelt. Ulac aɣilif. Yella kan unaqib i d-yettali s ttawil ɣef yal tnezzin, yal texxamt, yal tnezzut, yal tudert, yetwajamɛen sɣur tinezzin i llant axaṭer asaḍuf iḥettem-itent ad llint.

Adiyaganustik immobilier. Asmaqal n wexxam. Audidur n usaḍuf. Amcawer n usirh. Amselmad n usefrek n učči. Amcawer aḥeram n yidumman. Aṣṭamb aḥeram n notary ɣef tnezzin i ur tesseḥwaǧ ara notary semmusin iseggasen aya.

Yal yiwen weḥd-s yetwaẓmer. Akemmel d aweɣẓen.

D nettan d ayen qaren medden mi nnan tdamsa tamazgant tezayar. Ur d-qaren ara awnaken jhiden aṭas. D-qaren d akken nessbed-d aẓetta n waɣmisen ɣef yal axeddim n tidet, nessekcem mliyun n imdanen i wesnaḥ n waɣmis-nni, yerna aɣmis tuget n tikkal ur yegguzred ara wayen ay-d-yetwasnaḥ akken ad t-iddu.

Tetxellseḍ-it. Tetxellseḍ-it ɣef yal asegra, yal aseggas, i tudert-ik akk. Yerna ulac tirgit i ak-d-yeqqaren akken.