Abank n medden

01

Part 1 of 3

Abank n medden

Tessekedceḍ tafraẓt-ik di bank.

Bank yawi adrim-ik, yseldi-t i wbaṛani s 6%, yetxellis-ak 0.5%, yeṭṭef azal n 5.5%. Sakin ad k-d-yawi afuri n umiḍan i waggur, afuri n overdraft, afuri n usnaqal s wire, afuri n ATM n berra-network, afuri n "asefrek," d afuri n "aɣmis n lkaɣed." Sakin yesseqdac aḥric n ifuriyen-is ɣef tedlilt n Super Bowl akken ad k-yini acḥal i yḥemmel tdusi n tdrimt-ik.

D aɛqad. Tetfekkdeḍ-as unsab i izeggdben tanezzut-is akk. Yettxellis-ik ɣef wezref ad as-tetfekkeḍ-t.

Ilaq ad yili ufran-nniḍen.

02

Part 2 of 3

Bank amazgan n umsaɣ d sin n tnezzin yemxalafen i tetwaceggden.

Tefkkdeḍ tinekka i useldi n $9,000. Bank yerbeḥ 10 imuren ɣef wayen ay-d-yefkkad i tnekka-yya.

Your deposit

$10,000

$1,000 reserve$9,000 lent out at 6%

1. Borrower pays interest$540
2. Bank pays you (0.5%)$50
3. Bank keeps the spread$490

Acuɣer iḍafaren? D taɣemma n umazray. Deg yifucka isaman 18-rad d 19-rad amḍan-iseggasen, ibanken sɛeḥwajen tifraẓin akken ad ssufɣen aseldi-nsen, yerna imexdamen ttafen aḥraz s uẓayar n usnefli n useldi yezmer ad ixsre. Aɛqad yefuhem deg lawan-nni. Tura, s assurance n bank aɣelnaw, tafrut tamazgant n usefra, d inegrawen n digital ledger, asefled yezmer ad yefked.

03

Part 3 of 3

Bank n medden d tanezzin n usegmaḍ, yetwafsel seg wayen-nniḍen.

Tasudut ur nrebbeḥ ara. Tetwasem s wmsuned sɣur bab n imḍanen, akken n iyibgan icrek. Ulac isnafaren n berra i sufuɣen tabazart. Ulac iqecceṛen n iflumen i imussalen.

Iṭipan n umiḍan: yiwen. Amiḍan n tefraẓt ɛadi. Tessadiḍ adrim, tssufuɣeḍ adrim, tsadileḍ-t s tkarṭa atɛamali neɣ s tabbiwt tadigital, tnaqaleḍ-t ɣer imiḍanen-nniḍen. D aya akk d afares.

Asegri d-yetwaxelsen: anaqib n ngezg n bank ameqran, nakes anaqib amezgan amecṭuḥ (ahat 0.10% akken ad d-yefk tafrut). Mi yetxellis bank ameqran 5.25%, imefkkaḍen ttawin azal n 5.15%. Mi yetxellis bank ameqran 0%, imefkkaḍen ttawin 0%. Asɛeddi yelha-d yerna iberreḥ.

The central bank pays

5.25%

People’s Bank pays you5.15%$515 a year on $10,000

Commercial bank pays you0.50%$50 a year on $10,000

Aseldi: ulac. Bank n medden ur iseldi ara adrim. Ur iseyyer ara adrim n imefkkaḍen. Tafraẓt akk tetqim deg bank ameqran neɣ deg yiseɣnen unsiben n ufafil. Aẓayan n ssuma yusan ɛqeqlay am wakken yesselḥa unaman.

Ifuriyen: ulac drus. Ulac asefrek n waggur. Ulac overdraft (amiḍan kan yegdal isegra ar zemren ad t-ssrar). Ulac ifuriyen n wire (asnaqal gar imiḍanen n Bank n medden ilelli; iwireyen ɣer berra rrnden anaqib n tidet, d cents). Ulac ifuriyen n ATM ɣef network n Bank n medden; aɛqad n unaqib d inurra n umsaɛiwen.

Statement of feesPeople’s Bank

1. Monthly account feeNone
2. Overdraft feeRejected, not charged
3. Wire transfer feeCents: the interbank cost
4. Out-of-network ATM feeNone on its own network
5. “Maintenance” feeNone
6. “Paper statement” feeNone

FeesEssentially none

Tafrut: tamazgant, atumal amezwaru, akemmel kan atinukrazi. Tikarṭa atɛamali. Anas amuṭnan. Asagen aweb. Asyada n umsaɣ i wuguren. Iɣamiren ileliyyiin yerna drus, bank afekkan ilelli yetuɣ kan amazray n teqdiart taɛeddat.

D aya akk d asudut. Asuffaɣ n bank amazgan, iṭebsiten n usegmaḍ, tirubaɛ n usefrek n weɣbel, tafrut n underwriting n iseldiyen, ableɣ n marketing, suite n imussalen, izref n usefrek n usnafal, yal aya yruḥ. Acu i d-yegran d aḥric i tesseqdaceḍ s tidet.

Yedduri ad yili. Tikebbaniyin n usegmaḍ qerbnt-d. Akkenni postal banks di kra tmura. Akkenni tikebbaniyin n usegmaḍ tunsibin di kra Turuft d Aziya.

Maca yal yiwet seg-sent tetwasrub s kra n tarrayt. Tuget n tikebbaniyin n usegmaḍ di US tsleldident s tnerni, mačči n tidet d storage-only. Postal banks di Japun (Yucho), Almanya (zik Postbank), d imukan-nniḍen mxalafent mliḥ deg ufaz. Ibanken n uwannak tikwal ttwaḥerken sɣur tasertit neɣ ttwafsen i wseldi i tisitin yetwafarnen.

Asawer awulim, atinezzayan, asegmaḍ kan, ifuriyen bbeḍen-ɣer-0, iseyyer s tafrut tamazgant atumal, ulac-it n tidet ɣef wsmuked. Iqerben d tikebbaniyin n fintech am Wise (i wsnaqal amaḍrayan) neɣ Apple Cash d Cash App i wsegmaḍ n tifraẓin timezyanin. Maca tigi d tikebbaniyin tisinanin s isnafaren i ineggura bɣan tariri-nsen. Tagusda mačči d tamzawat. Tdamsa ad teḥtem akken ad ad d-uɣalen d ibanken n tidet neɣ ad d-tt-id-aɣen.

Ay-iɛuq d umedya unsib: bank n tidet, ameqran s tilawit i wseqdec, yetwasuneɣ akken ulac ufus-ngad i izemren ad d-yawi azal seg-s.

"Maca amek ad d-tessigi tdamsa s yiman-is?" D aya d tiriri tunṣiblat n ubankri. Ma yedda yal yiwen ad yawi adrim-is ɣer bank ur nselli ara, ansay-d ad d-asen iseldiyen i ixxamen d tinezzin?

Tiririt tilawit: seg ibanken n useldi, i ad qimen n tidet. Bank n medden d afranan, mačči d ulus. Win i ibɣan ad d-ikkin deg unagraw n usegmaḍ-aseldi i iɣbalen yezmer ad yeǧǧ adrim-is di Chase neɣ Citi. Bank n medden d-yefk i yal yiwen-nniḍen ufranan ad yeffeɣ. Deg uxeddim, tuget n medden ad bḍunt adrim-nsen, tinefqit n ass-id-yefk d wsegri n usefa di Bank n medden, adrim n usegri ɣur brokers, kra n usexlebẓi n useldi di bank ɛadi ma ibɣa.

Anagraw n useldi ad imɣur, maca ur d-itɣar ara. Yerna aseldi i ixeddem ad isseḥwaǧ ad yawi-d imefkkaḍen s tinezdeg, s wasunaɣ n anaqib n usegri i d-itfekkar tilawit i yiɣbalen i wessaden imefkkaḍen. Tura, ibanken ttuɣalen ssaɣen 0.5% ɣef imiḍanen i ssadlen iflumen n 6% n imortgagen axaṭer tuget n imefkkaḍen ur fhimen ara belli ufayen tanezzin n bank. S ufranan afaffat, taɣemma n talɣut ad teɣleq.

"Ad yefcel mi yeḍṛa-d kra?" Uhu, axaṭer ulac aẓetta n usegri i yezmer ad yefcel. Tifraẓin tetqim deg bank ameqran neɣ deg urhamen n ufafil unsib. Tasudut, s uneḍrir, d tasudut tudezant ifazen i tezmer tdrimt. Ulac aɣilif n tjaḥdent, ulac aɣilif n usaldi, ulac aɣilif n tlemmast. Yiwen ubrid kan i ad yefcel d ma yefcel bank ameqran s yiman-is, deg lawan-nni akk imeklaẓ ttwakkasen deg tdamsa akk.

"Anwa i ad t-isseyyer?" Imeglagen imussnan imeḍyanen. Asegmaḍ n yal ass n bank n usegmaḍ-kan deg 2026 ittwaxedim tuget-is atumal. Tarbaɛt ad temẓi ugar n tuget n tikebbaniyin n usegmaḍ. Aball ad yetwafren sɣur imefkkaḍen, akken ttwafrnen iball n tikebbaniyin n usegmaḍ. Tinɛumin ad ilint d tinɛumin imazganen n tnezzin atinekraziyat, mačci tinɛumin n Wall Street, axaṭer ulac lxedma n Wall Street i ittwaxedmen.

Anaru ifazen d anaslan. Tura, tuget n medden ttuwiḍ unagraw n tdrimt am imsaɣen n umnenni ifefan. Bank d tikebbant ay-d-tessufuɣ tabzert ɣef tagara-k. Yal afuri, yal aɣtas n unaqib n usegri, yal afares ittwasunaɣ akken ad isɛeddu lxedma n bank. Mačči kečč d amsaɣ. Kečč d alguda.

Bank n medden iqlibb ayagi. Kečč d aɛeggal-ayla n tasudut i iṭṭfen adrim-ik. Anaqib n usegri ay-tetawiḍ ur yetwaẓayen mgalk, d asɛeddi n wayen i d-ittak bank ameqran i tasudut. Ifuriyen i tetxellseḍ d isuter n weseyyaḍ, mačči d tabzert. Tasudut tella akken ad k-texdem, axaṭer ulac wayeḍ i tt-texdem.

D nettan d ayen i tella tikebbaniyin n usegmaḍ tikti-yas. Bdunt deg 19-rad amḍan-iseggasen d tikebbaniyin n usenamel i imexdamen d ifellaḥen i ur ten-id-iɣar ara aẓumar n tidet seg ibanken. S kra n wakud, tuget-nsent tehwa ɣer wasiken am-uvank, axaṭer nnaɣent d ibanken ɣef wseldi. Bank n medden ad ikra s tunṣa, ulac wseldi, ulac aɣiwa, akken ad ur tezmir tikfit tamezwarut ad teqraz.

I wnagraw atinezzayan akk, tellit n ufranan n usegmaḍ azedel ad teḥttem ibanken atinezzayan ad nnaɣen ugar s tnezdeg. Ur zmiren ad qimen 0.5% n ssaɣ n usegri mi yili ufranan ulac fellas asawl yetxellis 5.15%. Ad sseḥwajen ad ad alin asaɣ n usegri neɣ ad mẓin. Amenta ufaz seg umedya n tura.

Aya ittwaẓmer atikniki. Yerna unusiblat asertanan akken ad d-isnef di tuget n tmura, axaṭer alubin n bank ad innaɣ s ufud.

Ibanken ṭṭfen aḥric meqqer n tneflugarriwin tiɣelnawin, ladɣa di US d UK. Ur ttaǧǧan ara s tilelli amenharzaḍ ad yili i isruḥ anabaḍ-nsen atisedman atdamsan. Ad nawalen belli aya ad isxeẓfeẓ unaman atisedman, ad isruḥ tellit n usaldi, "ad iṭṭel n tdamsa seg unsab," d kra-nniḍen. Kra seg yiɣbasen-a ttwafkan s tnezdeg. Tuget ttwafkan sɣur medden i imexdam-nsen yedda ɣef umedya n tura ttkemmilen.

Abrid azedig ahat mačči d aleɣ-it s usaḍuf aɣelnaw, maca d asenker am tasudut tikebbant-n-usegmaḍ-rnu deg ujwiḍ ineflugan-anaḍar, anida i tella tasaḍuft taqqurant n usenneg n umsaɣ, tafrut tamazgant atumal, d aleɣ aseyyaḍ ilelliyyan ɣur-s. Estonya, Suis, ahat Zelanda Tamaynut neɣ Singapore. Erra-t ad iddu meẓyan, sken umedya, snerni seg dinna.

Mi telli tellit n Bank n medden i ittlhun deg yiwet tamurt, atɣar ad t-id-rcen-t deg-nniḍen ad yuɣal d aweɛr ad iṭuṭen. D nettan amek Wise yesnerni-d ssuq amaḍrayan n usnaqal n tdrimt mgal asebɛem n ibanken. D nettan amek Vanguard yesnerni-d index fund arxis mgal tasnaɛit n iflumen yetwasewqamen. Aleɣmu: bnu afranan i d-ilhun deg ujwiḍ ilelliyyan, sken ayen i d-yefk i useqdec, eǧǧ aɣaɛs asertan i wesnerni ad d-yebnu.

1. 1Builda working alternative in a friendly jurisdictionEstonia · Switzerland · New Zealand · Singapore
2. 2Demonstratethe user experience. Make it work small, prove the model
3. 3Replicatelet the political pressure for replication buildWise did it to transfers · Vanguard did it to funds

Asegmaḍ mačci d afares uweɛr. Tatiknulujit tetwafserdan. Tafrut ass-id-tella. Ssbab kan i ad imdanen ttxellisen iẓwiyen d ifuriyen i wsegmaḍ amzwaru n udrim d akken tasnaɛit n bank tsɛedda sin n teqdiarin tessufuɣ-d ulac ufranan-nniḍen.

Bank n medden d acu ilaq ad iban usegmaḍ mi nakes iḥricen i llan akken ad asen-d-yawi azal seg imefkkaḍen. D amzawat. D atinukrazi. D arusin. Yetxellis-ak ayen i ittawi adrim-ik n tidet di bank ameqran. Ur izenz ara isefka-k, ur iseyyer ara s tefraẓt-ik, ur d-yetfekkad ableɣ n marketing akken ad iqenneɛ amek llant tɣawsiwin d amek ilaq ad ilint.

Ur tesseḥwajeḍ ara ad teɣreḍ atinzar akken ad teffɣeḍ seg uxeddim atinezzayan. Tesseḥwajeḍ kan amiḍan.